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Introduces the "continuum model" which shifts focus from passive rest to active load management. Long-term healing requires structured load–recovery cycles to promote tissue regeneration.

Describes how mechanical loading stimulates repair at a cellular level. Healing occurs between bouts of exercise, meaning targeted recovery is just as vital as the exercise itself.

Strong advocate for the "little and often" approach. Consistent, repeated loading stimulates adaptation while avoiding the tissue breakdown caused by sporadic overload.

Systematic review showing that protein supplementation can support recovery of muscle function and physical performance after exercise-induced muscle damage. , especially when rehab loading is being progressed.

Found that physical training increases type I collagen turnover in human peritendinous Achilles tissue. This supports the idea that .

Progressive high-load strengthening improves outcomes at 3, 6, and 12 months. This proves that controlled intensity builds resilience, but it must be measured and consistent.

Systematic review showing a relationship between training load and injury, illness and soreness. can increase risk, which is why the “boom-bust” cycle matters.

Identified limited ankle dorsiflexion as the strongest risk factor for plantar fasciitis. Improving mobility reduces strain directly on the fascia.

Patients with plantar heel pain showed reductions in some foot and ankle strength and flexibility measures. can help improve capacity and reduce repeated overload.

Reviews the role of proximal and distal mechanics in lower-limb injury. through the kinetic chain.

Orthoses provide modest pain relief in the short term, but the benefit diminishes over time. They are a temporary support, not a permanent fix.

Found that prefabricated (off-the-shelf) orthoses were just as effective as expensive custom-made orthoses in improving function and pain.

Taping provided significant short-term pain relief, but the effect wore off. Highly useful as a temporary measure while strengthening is progressed.

This consensus paper standardises the term “tendinopathy” for persistent tendon pain and loss of function related to mechanical loading. It supports using consistent clinical language when explaining .

Manual therapy paired with exercise outperformed passive machines (TENS, ultrasound). Passive modalities alone are significantly less effective.

Aggressive stretching applies compressive load at the bone attachment, which can aggravate pathology. Modern guidance prioritises progressive loading over forcing flexibility.